g]kfn ko{6g jif{ @)!!

clkn

g]kfnsf] k|fs[lts tyf ;fF:s[lts ;Dkbf, ko{6g ;Da4 ;/f]sf/jfnfx?sf] cys k|of;, ;g\ !((* sf] g]kfn e|d0f jif{, @))!–)# sf] g]kfn uGtAo jif{ / @))& sf] kf]v/f e|d0f jif{sf] k|of; kZrft g]kfnn] ljZj ko{6g dfglrqdf cfˆg} klxrfg ;lxt Ps k|l;4 ko{6g uGtAo:ynsf] ?kdf :yflkt ug{ ;kmn ePsf] 5 . tyfkL, g]kfndf ko{6gsf] ljsf; l;ldt ;+Vof, ju{ / :yfgx?df dfq ;+ej ePsf] 5 . gofF g]kfnsf] gofF kl/j]zdf g]kfnsf] ko{6g ljsf;nfO{ km/flsnf] bfo/fdf x]g'{ h?/L 5 . b]zsf] ;fjf{lË0f ljsf;, u/LjL lgjf/0f, cfly{s tyf ;fdflhs ?kdf ;dfg cj;/ ko{6g If]qn] k'¥ofPsf] / k'¥ofpg ;Sg] jf:tljs dxTj / o;n] lgjf{x ug{;Sg] e"ldsfsf af/]df ljz]if rf;f] x'g' ;a} If]q / AolQmsf] clwsf/ klg xf] . o;} jf:tljstfnfO{ dgg ul/ g]kfn ;/sf/n] cfˆgf] gLlt tyf sfo{qmd dfkm{t ko{6g If]qnfO{ Ps pRr k|fyldstf ;fy kl/rfng ug{ lglb{i7 ul/Psf] 5 .

o;} ;Gbe{df g]kfn ;/sf/n] g]kfnsf] ko{6g pBf]u / ko{6g ;/f]sf/jfnfx?sf] cg'/f]wdf ko{6g ;+u ;DalGwt ;+:yf / lj1x?;Fu k/fdz{ kZrft ko{6g ;/f]sf/, ;/sf/L / ;dfh (Public, Private and People) sf] ;+nUgtfdf nIfsf] cfwf/df Ifdtf clea[l4 ug{ g]kfn ko{6g jif{ @)!! /fli6«o cleofgsf ?kdf dgfpg] 3f]if0ff u/]sf] 5 .

of] 3f]if0ffn] ;g\ @)!! ;Dddf k|Tos jif{ !) nfv cGt/f{li6«o ko{6ssf] cfudg, s"n cfudgsf] $) k|ltzt gofF ko{6sLo :ynx?df cfjfudg, u|fld0f e]udf ko{6g u|x0f Ifdtf, ko{6g If]qaf6 x'g] cfo cfh{gdf g]kfnL ;dfhsf lk5l8Psf ju{df ;d]t kx'Fr k'¥ofpg] nIonfO{ k|ltljlDat u/]sf] 5 . o:fn] casf] gofF g]kfn ko{6gsf] dfWodaf6 sd ;do / nfutdf clwstd /f]huf/, k|fs[lts Pj+ ;f+:s[lts ;Dkbfsf] ;+/If0f / ;Da4{g ub}{ “cfkm" klg ;Da[4 agf}+ / b]znfO{ klg ;Da[4 agfp+m” eGg] d"n gf/fsf ;fy “;Da[4 g]kfnsf] ;d'Ggt ko{6g” h:tf] cfbz{ jfbLcfsf+Iff af]s]sf] 5 . t;y{ o; /fli6«o cleofgn] “xfd|f] g]kfn xfdL cfkm} agfpFm” eGg] ;Gb]znfO{ rl/tfy{ ug{ xfdL g]kfnLx? jLr Ps dxTjfsf+IfL s;/t NofPsf] xf] . g]kfn ko{6g jif{ @)!! s'g} Ps lglZrt ju{ / ;d'bfosf] sfo{qmd xf]Og, of] t ;du| g]kfnLsf] Ps /fli6«o cleofg xf] . of] cleofg ;a} If]qsf] lxt / ;d'GgtLsf] nflu ;dlk{t 5 . o; /fli6«o cleofgdf ;d:t g]kfnLx? Ps h'6 eO{ xfd|f] /fi6« xfdL cfkm} lgdf{0f ug]{ Ps a[xb\ cj;/sf] ?kdf cfPsf] 5 . of] cleofg ;g\ @))( b]lv cleofg ;dGjo, ;g\ @)!) df k|rf/ k|;f/ Pj+ Ifdtf clea[l4 / ;g\ @)!! sf] jif{e/Lg} ljleGg ko{6sLo cfsif{0fsf pT;j, dxf]T;j Pj+ sfo{qmdnfO{ eAo?kdf ;~rfng u/L dgfO{g] 5 .

o; /fli6«o cleofgnfO{ k|lqmofut?kdf ;dfj]zL / k|ltlglwd"ns clg k|ltkmnsf lx;fan] ;'b[9 agfpg d'Vo /fhgLlts kf6L{x?, ;+ljwfg ;efsf ;b:ox?, clwsf/jfbL ;d'xx?sf] ;d]t ;s[o ;xeflutfsf] cfjZostf x'G5 eg] u}x|–cfjfl;o g]kfnL ;d'bfo, ljb]zl:yt g]kfnL s"6gLlts lgof]ux?, /fli6«o tyf cGt/f{li6«o u}x|–;/sf/L ;+:yfx? klg kl/rflnt x'g' kg]{ x'G5 . ;fy} g]kfnsf z'elrGtsx?, ldqx?, ko{6gsf lj1x?, rlr{t AolQmTjx?nfO{ klg ;l/s u/fO{ /fli6«o–cGt/f{li6«o :t/df o; cleofgsf] k|rf/–k|;f/ ug{' kg]{ x'G5 . k|Tos g]kfnLn] cfˆgf] If]q jf :t/af6 o; /fli6«o cleofgdf ;xeflu jf ;lDdlnt eO{ cfˆgf] >[hglzn zLknfO{ :jod ;]jssf] ?kdf o; /fli6«o cleofgdf ;'qjt ug{ kfpg' tkfO{+ xfdL ;a}sf] clwsf/ xf] . t;y{ o; cleofgnfO{ ;kmnLe"t kfg{;a} ju{, If]q, ln+u jf ;d'x / ;Dk"0f{ r]tgzLn g]kfnL o; cleofgdf cfa4eO{ cj;/sf] ;b'kof]u ug{ ;lqmo / k|lta4 /xL ;xof]usf ;fy ;xefuL x'g g]kfn ko{6g jif{ @)!! ;dGjo ;ldlt xflb{s clkn ub{5 .

o; /fli6«o cleofgdf tkfO{+÷xfdL s;/L ;xeflu x'g ;lsG5 < eGg] k|Zgsf] pQ/df lgDg cg';f/ ;xeflu jf e'lesf lgjf{x u/L ;lDdlnt x'g ;lsG5 .

·        g]kfn ko{6g jif{ @)!!sf] Wjhf kmx/fpF / gofF–gofF sfo{qmdx? >[hgf u/f}+ .

·        ko{6s nfO{ xFl;nf] d'xf/sf] kl/ro lbpF, æxfF;]/ :jfut u/f}F / xfF;]/ ljbf u/f}FÆ .

·        :df/s, d7, dlGb/, k'/fgf b/jf/ h:tf wfld{s Pj+ P]ltxf+l;s w/f]x/ ;kmf /fvf}+ / ;kmf /xg lbpF . kf]i6/, kDKn]6, Aofg/ cflb x6fpF jf Aojl:yt u/f}+ .

·        cfˆgf] 3/ cfFug, rf]s–ggL, af6f]–3f6f], axfn–axLn cflb ;kmf / Aojl:yt /fvf}+ . hyfeflj kmf]x/ gkmfnf}+ / kmfNg glbcf}+ .

·        k|b'if0fsf] dfkb08nfO{ sfod u/L ;jf/L ;fwg rnfcf}+ / rnfpg nufcf}+ . l/S;f, 6\ofS;L, a; h:tf ;fj{hlgs ;jf/L ;fwg rfnsx?n] cltlysf] ;Tsf/ Aojxf/ u/f}+ .

·        xf]6n, /]i6'/]06, k;n, sfof{no / 3/wgLx?n] cf–cfˆgf] 3/ cufl8 ;kmf ;'U3/ /fvf}+ . /+u /f]ug u/L jftfj/0f ;'Gb/, ;kmf / cfsif{s agfpF .

·        k|To]s g]kfnLn] cfˆgf] uLˆ6Kofs]h, emf]nf, Kofs cflb h:tf] k|rf/ k|;f/ ;fdu|Lsf] ljt/0fdf g]kfn ko{6g jif{ @)!! sf] nfuf] c+lst u/f}F .

·        g]kfnL k/Dk/f Pj+ ;+:s[ltsf] ;+/If0f tyf ;Da4{g ug]{ vfnsf sfo{qmdx?sf] cfof]hgf tyf k|bz{gL u/f}+ / cfˆgf] :yfgLo pTkfbgnfO{ k|of]u u/L yk cfo;|f]tsf] dfWodsf] ?kdf ljsf; u/f}+ .

·        ufpFdf ko{6g k"jf{wf/sf] ljsf; ul/ ko{6g k|j4{gsf pkfox? ckgfpF . gofF / gf}nf ko{6g pkh / ko{6g:ysf] klxrfg u/L k|j4{g u/f}+ .

·        ljBdfg k"jfwf/x?sf] :t/ a[l4 u/f}+ / ug{ nufpF .

·        aGb, x8tfn, rSsfhfd h:tf ;fj{hlgs lj/f]w af6 ko{6g cfjfudgdf afwf gkf/f}+ .

·        kof{j/0f ;Gt'ng sfod ug]{ pkfo ckgfcf}+ . jftfj/0f ;+/If0f tyf k|b'if0fsf] lgoGq0f k|lt hfu?s xf]cf}+ .

·        ko{6g uGtAo:yn, pkh / ultljlwsf] hfgsf/L u/fcf}+ . ko{6g hgr]tgf d"ns sfo{qmd dfkm{t ko{6g If]qdf cfa4eO{ ckm'klg ;DkGg agf}+ / b]znfO{ klg ;Da[4 agfpF eGg] ;Gb]zsf] k|jfx u/f}+ .

·        ko{6g ;/f]sf/jfnf ;a} If]qn] cTofw'lgs ;~rf/ dfWod af6 ljZj ko{6g ahf/df Aofks / ;zQm 9+Ën] k|rf/ k|;f/ u/f}+ .

cGtTff]uTjf g]kfnnfO{ Ps /d0fLo tyf ;j{lk|o ko{6g ynf]sf] ?kdf :yflkt u/L “;Da[4 g]kfnsf] ;d'Ggt ko{6g” sf] rfxgfg} “g]kfn ko{6g jif{ @)!!” sf] nIo xf] .